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10 times the sky amazed us in 2025

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4 panel image showing the moon hiding mars, strange blue and white squiggling lights among auroras, star and city light trails from orbit and meteors and milky way over a rock arch formation,.

What was your skywatching highlight of 2025? A comet becoming visible to the naked eye? Mars disappearing behind the moon? Or did you glimpse a "blood moon" total lunar eclipse and see the northern lights at last?

Here's what happened in the skies in 2025, in spectacular images.

1. A Wolf Moon "eats" Mars

A close up of the surface of the moon with a small red dot hovering over its surface, which is the planet Mars

Mars comes to a bright opposition in Earth's sky only once every 26 months. But just before its big day came on Jan. 15, it grabbed skywatchers' attention when it crossed paths with the moon. North America had a ringside seat to the full Wolf Moon's occultation of the Red Planet, which happens just once every 14 years from a specific place on Earth's surface.

2. A "great comet" appears

A streak of white light is seen in a sunset which is Comet G3 ATLAS with a silhouette of the landscape in the foreground

If you don't remember 2025's "great comet," it's probably because you're in the Northern Hemisphere. Back in mid- to late January, Comet 2024 G3 (ATLAS) made a close pass of the sun before sprouting a bright, structured tail that delighted astrophotographers south of the equator. The comet even became bright enough to be visible in the daytime with the naked eye.

3. "Blue Ghost" lands on the moon

A photo from the surface of the moon showing the silhouette of a lunar lander with various legs on the surface with the Earth in the background

After launching atop a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket in January, Texas-based Firefly Aerospace successfully landed its Blue Ghost spacecraft on the moon's 300-mile-wide (500 kilometers) Mare Crisium ("Sea of Crises") basin in early March, becoming the second private spacecraft ever to soft-land on the moon. The company shared a spectacular video showing Blue Ghost's descent and spectacular landing, complete with its own long lunar shadow.

4. A star trail is visible from orbit

A view of Earth from space with streaks of light from storms and cities, with star streaks overhead.

Between September 2024 and April 2025, NASA astronaut Don Pettit — famed for his pioneering work in astrophotography from orbit — conducted his third mission on the International Space Station. In collaboration with astrophotographer Babak Tafreshi of The World at Night on the ground, Pettit took the art form to another level, capturing dozens of mesmerizing star trails.

5. A "blood moon" total lunar eclipse captivates skywatchers

Three blood red moons overlaid on each other in a diagonal pattern against a dark background

The first total lunar eclipse in three years delighted skywatchers on March 13-14, 2025, when a full Worm Moon crept through Earth's central shadow in space for 65 minutes, making the lunar surface appear reddish-orange from our perspective on Earth. The event, visible from Earth's nightside, was captured with a moonbow from Kentucky and with the Milky Way from Chile. Another lunar eclipse on Sept. 7-8 made for some spectacular photos, including one taken over Egypt's White Desert.

6. Vapor tracers appear inside auroras

colorful wisps of gas are visible against swirling green auroras in the night sky

Just as an aurora substorm erupted, two NASA sounding rockets poised for launch at Alaska's Poker Flat Research Range suddenly went skyward, releasing colorful vapor tracers within the aurora borealis, or northern lights. As part of the AWESOME mission, vapor tracers were imaged using cameras across northern Alaska to track winds, particle flows and magnetic changes during the outburst.

7. Perseids blast through moonlight

A white streak of a meteor is seen in a starry yellow and purple night sky above silhouettes of pine trees

It may be the Northern Hemisphere's favorite annual meteor shower, but the Perseids weren't a classic in 2025, as they were marred by an 84%-illuminated crescent moon. However, before the peak night of the Perseid meteor shower on Aug. 12-13, there was a short window of darkness, during which a few bright meteors were seen in the predawn hours. About 10 days before the peak night, NASA photographer Bill Ingalls took this long exposure of a Perseid meteor in Spruce Knob, West Virginia.

8. An interstellar comet grows a tail

The image shows the comet’s broad coma — a cloud of gas and dust that forms around the comet’s icy nucleus as it gets closer to the Sun — and a tail spanning about 1/120th of a degree in the sky (where one degree is about the width of a pinky finger on an outstretched arm) and pointing away from the Sun. 3I/ATLAS is only the third confirmed interstellar visitor to our Solar System. The exposures tracked the comet as it traveled across the sky, and the final image is composed to freeze the stars in place during the observation. Two small colored trails from unrelated asteroids with a different motion from that of the comet can also be seen.

For comet hunters, 2025 was a landmark year, primarily because it saw the discovery of the third interstellar object ever to visit our solar system. Comet 3I/ATLAS, as it came to be known, followed in the wake of 'Oumuamua (1I/2017 U1) in 2017 and 2I/Borisov in 2019. In late August, astronomers using the Gemini South telescope in Chile glimpsed the tail of the interstellar interloper.

9. Solar maximum continues to deliver

A series of green and red auroras seen with various clouds and homes in a large panorama

Following an incredible year in 2024, it was likely that 2025 would experience some significant geomagnetic activity, thanks to solar maximum, the peak of the 11-year solar cycle. Observers in the right place at the right time on April 14-15, June 1, June 17 and Sept. 2 (and many other dates) enjoyed spectacular auroras as G4 geomagnetic storms produced auroras at low latitudes.

10. Comet Lemmon ripens

A green ball of light showing comet Lemmon streaks across an orange and black night sky full of stars.

What are the chances of a naked-eye comet becoming visible on the same night as the peak of the Orionid meteor shower? Although it was only on the cusp of naked-eye visibility — and was visible only to astrophotographers in the Northern Hemisphere — Comet Lemmon (C/2025 A6) put on a show in mid- to late October. A surprise companion, Comet C/2025 R2 (SWAN), appeared in telescope images on Sept. 10. But although it was initially bright, it never got as luminous as Lemmon.

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