New hope for breast cancer patients as life-extending drug now on NHS in England

The BBC understands that the drug companies Daiichi Sankyo and AstraZeneca have not substantially lowered their prices since the drug was first rejected.

The reason NICE has reversed its decision is largely because of a trade deal with the USA, where the UK government agreed to spend 25% more on medicines.

As part of this, NICE has increased how much the NHS will pay for every extra year of good quality life a medication can give.

This is known as a QALY (Quality-Adjusted Life Year) - and the upper threshold per QALY has gone from £30,000 to £35,000.

At the end of August, NICE also introduced a different, more nuanced, way of measuring a patient's quality of life.

These two changes were enough to tip the balance.

It is thought that patient campaigns for Enhertu - and other drugs - have helped too.

Daiichi Sankyo and AstraZeneca welcome NICE's decision, but the latter is calling for "strong collaboration" across the healthcare system to ensure "faster, more equitable patient access in the future".

Breast Cancer Now's Claire Rowney says: "We are calling on the government, NICE, NHS England and the pharmaceutical industry to work together to fix this broken system, so that people with incurable metastatic breast cancer are not forced to spend precious months and years campaigning for treatments that could give them more time."

Helen Knight, director of medicines evaluation at NICE, says she is pleased a "commercial solution" means the treatment can be made available on the NHS in England but adds she knows the decision "comes too late for many families".

"Our role is important in ensuring NHS spending on new medicines reflects the benefits they deliver while protecting valuable health resources for other essential patient services," she says.

For Kate, the thought of dying before she had to, "when there was a drug that I just could almost reach but couldn't get", was "so incredibly painful".

"To know that I can get it now is absolutely everything."